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Differential adhesion in morphogenesis: a modern view.

Malcolm S Steinberg1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States. msteinberg@princeton.edu

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|July 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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The differential adhesion hypothesis (DAH) explains embryonic tissue development using principles from immiscible liquids. This review covers experimental and computational evidence supporting DAH in various morphodynamic events.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Embryonic tissue development exhibits behaviors analogous to immiscible liquids, such as spreading, cell sorting, and boundary formation.
  • The differential adhesion hypothesis (DAH) proposes that cell adhesion energies generate tissue tensions, explaining these liquid-like behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the experimental verification of the differential adhesion hypothesis (DAH).
  • To discuss computational models simulating adhesion-mediated morphogenesis.
  • To present evidence for DAH's role in key morphodynamic events.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental studies verifying the DAH.
  • Analysis of computational models simulating cell adhesion and tissue morphogenesis.

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  • Compilation of evidence from various developmental processes.

    • Main Results:

    • The DAH provides a framework for understanding tissue spreading, cell sorting, and boundary formation.
    • Adhesion-mediated morphogenesis is supported by experimental data and computational simulations.
    • Differential adhesion plays a role in teleost epiboly, hindbrain segmentation, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, and cancer invasion.

    Conclusions:

    • The differential adhesion hypothesis is a robust model for explaining cell-driven tissue morphogenesis.
    • Adhesion-mediated processes are fundamental to embryonic development and disease progression.