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Necrotizing granulomatous hepatitis in slaughtered broilers.

I K E Supartika1, J H van der Stroom-Kruyswijk, M J M Toussaint

  • 1Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, P.O. Box 80158, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Avian Diseases
|July 14, 2007
PubMed
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Subclinical necrotizing granulomatous hepatitis was found in broilers, with enlarged livers and necrotic spots. This poultry liver pathology showed a correlation with footpad dermatitis in affected birds.

Area of Science:

  • Avian pathology
  • Veterinary microbiology
  • Poultry science

Background:

  • Subclinical diseases in broiler chickens can impact flock health and economic viability.
  • Necrotizing granulomatous hepatitis is a significant liver pathology observed in poultry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of subclinical necrotizing granulomatous hepatitis in broilers.
  • To identify associated bacterial flora and concurrent lesions in affected birds.

Main Methods:

  • On-line exploratory investigation of 82 broiler flocks during routine slaughter.
  • Histopathological examination of liver and duodenum samples from 365 birds.
  • Bacteriological analysis of liver samples from 240 affected and 80 control livers.

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Main Results:

  • Prevalence of gross liver lesions was 0.16%, with 89.59% of affected livers enlarged and showing necrotic spots.
  • Microscopically, 51.66% of livers exhibited granulomatous reactions; common bacterial isolates included E. coli, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus.
  • Duodenum samples showed mild inflammation in 64.20% and coccidia in 23.29%; a significant correlation was found between liver pathology and footpad dermatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Subclinical necrotizing granulomatous hepatitis is present in Dutch broiler populations.
  • The etiology appears multifactorial, involving bacterial presence and potentially coccidial co-infection.
  • Concurrent lesions like footpad dermatitis suggest systemic health impacts in affected flocks.