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Related Experiment Videos

Microbubble contrast agent detection using binary coded pulses.

Robert J Eckersley1, Meng-Xing Tang, Kevin Chetty

  • 1Imaging Sciences Department, Imperial College London, London, UK. r.eckersley@imperial.ac.uk

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology
|July 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Binary phase encoding with phase and amplitude modulation (PIAM) detects nonlinear microbubble signals. This technique improves sensitivity at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) for deep tissue imaging.

Area of Science:

  • Ultrasound imaging
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Real-time microbubble visualization in deep tissues is challenging for current nonlinear imaging.
  • High sensitivity is needed to overcome limited power and tissue attenuation.
  • Coded pulses enhance SNR in B-mode but their use for microbubbles is underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate binary phase encoding with phase and amplitude modulation (PIAM) for nonlinear microbubble signal detection.
  • Evaluate the impact of SNR, acoustic pressure, and bubble resonance on detection.
  • Compare the sensitivity and spatial resolution of coded vs. short-pulse PIAM.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations using a modified Rayleigh-Plesset model.
  • Golay and Barker coding techniques were employed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Binary phase encoding combined with PIAM was utilized.

    • Main Results:

    • Binary encoded PIAM successfully detected nonlinear microbubble signals.
    • At high SNR (>20 dB), no advantage over short-pulse PIAM was observed.
    • At low SNR (<20 dB), coded PIAM offered improved sensitivity and maintained spatial resolution.
    • Detection failed for existing methods at low SNR where coded PIAM succeeded.
    • Acoustic pressure and bubble resonance affected sensitivity and resolution.

    Conclusions:

    • Binary encoded PIAM is feasible for nonlinear microbubble detection.
    • This method shows promise for improving microbubble imaging sensitivity in challenging low SNR environments.
    • Further research is needed to optimize for deep tissue applications.