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Measles

A G Arguedas1, A A Deveikis, M I Marks

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Miller Children's Hospital, Long Beach, CA 90801-1428.

American Journal of Infection Control
|December 1, 1991
PubMed

Insights

Measles outbreaks are rising due to unvaccinated children and vaccine non-responders. Revised immunization schedules, including earlier and more frequent vaccination, are recommended to control the epidemic.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Measles has seen a global epidemic resurgence, with a significant increase in cases, morbidity, and mortality in the United States since 1986.
  • Key factors driving this rise include an increase in unvaccinated preschool-aged children and approximately 5% of vaccine non-responders.
  • The highest measles attack rates are observed in teenagers (15-19 years old) and concentrated in specific states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the rising measles epidemic in the United States.
  • To propose revised immunization recommendations for high-risk populations and geographic areas.
  • To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies and the importance of prompt public health interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of measles incidence, morbidity, and mortality trends in the US.
  • Review of factors contributing to increased measles cases, including vaccination status and vaccine response rates.
  • Evaluation of revised immunization schedules and outbreak control strategies.

Main Results:

  • Measles cases have significantly increased since 1986, particularly among unvaccinated preschool-aged children and teenagers.
  • Specific counties with high measles incidence among preschoolers have prompted revised vaccination schedules.
  • Revised schedules include earlier monovalent measles vaccine doses and combination vaccines, alongside school entry revaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent public health interventions are necessary to control the measles epidemic.
  • Revised, more frequent vaccination schedules are crucial for protecting vulnerable populations.
  • Prompt reporting, investigation, and vaccination/IgG administration are vital for effective outbreak control.

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