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[The cardiovascular risk in children with congenital heart disease]

M Massin1

  • 1Service de cardiologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique. martial.massin@huderf.be

Archives Des Maladies Du Coeur Et Des Vaisseaux
|July 25, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Children with congenital heart disease often have atherosclerosis risk factors like poor diet and inactivity. Early prevention strategies are crucial for these young patients to reduce long-term cardiovascular disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects children, increasing their susceptibility to long-term health issues.
  • Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of cardiovascular disease, has identifiable risk factors.
  • The INTERHEART study established key risk factors for atherosclerosis in the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of INTERHEART-defined atherosclerosis risk factors in children with congenital heart disease.
  • To assess the burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors in this specific pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 262 children (ages 3-18) with and without operated congenital heart disease.
  • Standardized questionnaires were used to collect data on lifestyle and family history of atherosclerotic disease.

Main Results:

  • A high prevalence of risk factors was observed: insufficient physical activity (89.0%), low fruit/vegetable intake (43.1%), and stress (31.3%).
  • Other identified risks included familial hypercholesterolemia (14.1%), overweight (7.6%), active smoking in older teens (20.6%), and hypertension (2.3%).
  • Children in the study presented an average of 1.9 ± 1.0 risk factors for atherosclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of children with congenital heart disease exhibit multiple risk factors for atherosclerosis.
  • These findings underscore the critical need for early and targeted prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in pediatric patients with CHD.
Abstract

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