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Related Concept Videos

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation01:25

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Multicolor Fluorescence Detection for Droplet Microfluidics Using Optical Fibers
10:21

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Published on: May 5, 2016

Optical filtering technologies for integrated fluorescence sensors.

Marc Dandin1, Pamela Abshire, Elisabeth Smela

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering and Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Lab on a Chip
|July 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This review explores optical hardware for miniaturized fluorescence sensing in micro-total-analysis systems. It compares filtering and filterless technologies to guide optimized micro-fluorometer designs.

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Area of Science:

  • Optical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Miniaturization of fluorescence sensing is crucial for micro-total-analysis systems.
  • Effective optical hardware is needed to manage excitation light and fluorescence emission.
  • Existing technologies require comprehensive evaluation for performance and integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review and compare optical hardware for miniaturized fluorescence sensing.
  • To evaluate filtering and filterless approaches for micro-fluorometers.
  • To identify challenges and propose metrics for optimized micro-fluorometer design.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of existing literature on optical hardware for fluorescence sensing.
  • Categorization and comparison of filtering (interference, absorption) and filterless (multicolor sensors, light-guiding elements) technologies.
  • Analysis of physical principles, microfabrication, and performance metrics of micro-fluorometers.

Main Results:

  • Summary and comparative evaluation of various optical hardware technologies for fluorescence sensing.
  • Presentation of state-of-the-art micro-fluorometers and their fabrication methods.
  • Identification of promising, yet unintegrated, technologies and remaining challenges.

Conclusions:

  • The review provides a framework for selecting appropriate methods based on performance and integration requirements.
  • Proposed performance metrics will enable standardized comparison of spectral discrimination in integrated devices.
  • Facilitating optimized micro-fluorometer designs for specific applications is the ultimate goal.