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Related Experiment Videos

Autoantibody tests in autoimmune thyroid disease: a case-control study.

M Petri1, E W Karlson, D S Cooper

  • 1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD.

The Journal of Rheumatology
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are frequently detected in patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. However, these patients do not show evidence of systemic autoimmune disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) like Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease are common.
  • Previous studies suggest a link between AITD and autoantibodies, including antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-DNA antibodies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency of ANA and other specific autoantibodies in patients with AITD compared to healthy controls.
  • To assess for evidence of underlying systemic autoimmune diseases in AITD patients.

Main Methods:

  • ANA was measured using two methods (mouse liver and HEp-2 cell line).
  • Additional autoantibodies tested included anti-dsDNA, anti-Ro, anti-La, anti-Sm, anti-RNP, and anticardiolipin.
  • The study included 26 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 26 with Graves' disease, and 26 controls.

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Main Results:

  • Positive ANA were significantly more common in Graves' disease patients compared to controls (p = 0.002 and 0.05).
  • ANA by HEp-2 method was found in 46.2% of patients but not significantly more often than in controls for Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
  • No significant differences in rheumatologic symptoms or other specific autoantibodies were observed between AITD patients and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Positive ANA are common in Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, particularly when using the HEp-2 method.
  • The presence of ANA in AITD patients does not indicate subclinical systemic autoimmune disease.
  • Autoimmune thyroid disease patients in this study did not exhibit autoantibodies beyond ANA or increased rheumatologic symptoms.