Controlling gene expression in mycobacteria

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Live Cell Fluorescence Microscopy to Observe Essential Processes During Microbial Cell Growth
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Sabine Ehrt1, Dirk Schnappinger

  • 1Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Graduate Program in Immunology & Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, NY 10021, USA. sae2004@med.cornell.edu

Future Microbiology
|July 31, 2007
PubMed

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The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
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Transcription of prokaryotic...
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Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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