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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders01:24

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
04:12

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

Published on: January 19, 2024

Therapeutical approaches in melasma.

Francesca Prignano1, Jean-Paul Ortonne, Gionata Buggiani

  • 1Department of Dermatological Science, University of Florence School of Medicine, via Lorenzo di Magnifico, 104, 50129 Florence, Italy. fprignano@infinito.lit

Dermatologic Clinics
|July 31, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Melasma is a common skin condition causing facial hyperpigmentation, primarily triggered by sun exposure. Treatment selection for melasma depends on its type, patient factors, and clinical considerations.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
04:12

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

Published on: January 19, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Dermatologic Skin Disease
  • Hyperpigmentation Disorders

Background:

  • Melasma (cloasma) is a prevalent dermatologic condition characterized by facial hyperpigmentation, predominantly affecting women of reproductive age.
  • Key etiologic factors include solar/ultraviolet radiation, hormonal influences (pregnancy, hormone treatments), cosmetics, and certain medications.
  • Understanding these triggers is crucial for managing this common skin disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of melasma, including its classification and current treatment strategies.
  • To highlight the importance of individualized treatment planning for melasma.
  • To inform clinicians on factors influencing effective melasma management.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of melasma based on Wood's light examination into epidermal, dermal, mixed, and indeterminate types.
  • Review of current therapeutic options available for melasma treatment.
  • Analysis of factors influencing treatment selection for melasma.

Main Results:

  • Melasma presents in distinct clinical patterns (epidermal, dermal, mixed, indeterminate) identifiable via Wood's light.
  • A variety of treatment modalities exist for melasma.
  • Effective management requires consideration of melasma type, skin complexion, patient history, and compliance.

Conclusions:

  • Melasma classification aids in understanding disease presentation and guiding treatment.
  • Personalized treatment approaches are essential for successful melasma management.
  • Factors such as patient characteristics and environmental influences must be integrated into therapeutic decisions for this common hyperpigmentation disorder.