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Genes overexpressed in different human solid cancers exhibit different tissue-specific expression profiles.

Jacob Bock Axelsen1, Jacob Bock-Axelsen, Joseph Lotem

  • 1Department of Physics of Complex Systems, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 1, 2007
PubMed
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Researchers identified 1,340 tissue-selective genes overexpressed in cancers, revealing potential drivers of cancer growth and metastasis. These aberrantly expressed genes, often originating from different tissues, may alter cancer cell phenotypes.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Cancer Biology
  • Molecular Oncology

Background:

  • Gene expression patterns vary significantly across normal human tissues.
  • Cancer development involves alterations in gene expression compared to normal tissues.
  • Understanding tissue-specific gene expression is crucial for cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genes with tissue-selective expression in normal human tissues.
  • To identify genes overexpressed in various solid cancers compared to their tissue of origin.
  • To investigate the overlap between tissue-selective genes and cancer-overexpressed genes.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression analysis was performed on normal human tissues and derived solid cancers.
  • Identification of tissue-selective genes by comparing expression across 12 normal tissues.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantification of gene overexpression (≥4-fold) in cancers relative to normal counterparts.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified 4,917 tissue-selective genes and 2,929 overexpressed genes in cancers.
    • Found 1,340 tissue-selective genes that are also overexpressed in cancers.
    • Observed distinct gene expression profiles in different cancer types, including melanomas overexpressing brain-selective genes.

    Conclusions:

    • Aberrant expression of tissue-selective genes in cancers may contribute to altered phenotypes, promoting viability, growth, and metastasis.
    • Testis-selective genes showed high frequency of overexpression in multiple cancer types, except for colon and prostate cancers.
    • Most cancer-overexpressed tissue-selective genes originate from tissues different from the cancer's origin, suggesting potential cross-tissue regulatory mechanisms.