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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue
09:42

A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue

Published on: June 7, 2017

Sjögren keratoconjunctivitis sicca treated with rituximab.

Luis Fernando Zapata1, Luz Marina Agudelo, Jose David Paulo

  • 1Ophthalmology. Corneal and Refractive Surgery Department, Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana, Medellin, Colombia. luiszg70@hotmail.com

Cornea
|August 2, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Rituximab, a B-lymphocyte depleting therapy, significantly improved severe dry eye disease (keratoconjunctivitis sicca) in two patients unresponsive to standard treatments. This suggests rituximab may be a viable option for refractory Sjögren syndrome cases.

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07:25

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Published on: October 13, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca, often associated with Sjögren syndrome, presents a therapeutic challenge when conventional treatments fail.
  • B lymphocytes are implicated in the pathogenesis of Sjögren syndrome, suggesting targeted B-cell depletion as a potential treatment strategy.

Observation:

  • Two patients with refractory severe dry eye disease secondary to Sjögren syndrome were treated with rituximab.
  • Rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeting CD20 on B cells, was administered to assess its efficacy and safety.

Findings:

  • Both patients experienced marked improvement in keratoconjunctivitis sicca, including enhanced Schirmer test values, tear film breakup time, visual acuity, and reduced symptomatology.
  • Systemic manifestations of Sjögren syndrome also improved, leading to a better quality of life for the patients.
  • Rituximab demonstrated a secure safety profile, consistent with its use in other autoimmune conditions and cancers.

Implications:

  • Rituximab shows promise as an effective treatment for refractory cases of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in Sjögren syndrome.
  • These findings support the role of B cells in the disease's pathogenesis and highlight rituximab's potential for immunoablation.
  • Further investigation through multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials is warranted to confirm these observations.