Nasal deformities associated with orthognathic surgery: analysis, prevention, and correction

Area of Science:

• Plastic Surgery
• Craniofacial Surgery
• Aesthetic Surgery

Background:

• Orthognathic surgery corrects dentofacial anomalies by altering the maxillomandibular skeleton.
• These skeletal changes invariably affect the overlying facial soft tissues, including the nose.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review nasal analysis and aesthetic concepts.
• To discuss anticipated nasal changes following orthognathic surgery, focusing on LeFort I osteotomies.
• To explore literature on quantifying and predicting these nasal alterations.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of nasal analysis and aesthetic principles.
• Analysis of studies quantifying nasal changes post-orthognathic surgery.
• Discussion of surgical techniques for nasal change management.

Main Results:

• LeFort I osteotomies commonly result in predictable changes to nasal form and projection.
• Quantification of these changes varies across studies, highlighting the need for precise prediction methods.

Conclusions:

• Surgeons must understand potential nasal aesthetic alterations from orthognathic procedures.
• Pre-operative counseling and planning for adjunctive rhinoplasty are essential for optimal outcomes.