Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence

Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence

The test of independence is a chi-square-based test used to determine whether two variables or factors are independent or dependent. This hypothesis test is used to examine the independence of the variables. One can construct two qualitative survey questions or experiments based on the variables in a contingency table. The goal is to see if the two variables are unrelated (independent) or related (dependent). The null and alternative hypotheses for this test are:
H0: The two variables (factors)...

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV

Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

People who smoke and formerly smoked do support a smoking ban in open spaces during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain.

Tobacco control·2025

Same author

Determinants of smoke-free homes adoption among Spanish adults who smoke: A prospective cohort study from the 2016-2021 International Tobacco Control (ITC) EUREST-PLUS Spain Surveys.

Preventive medicine·2025

Same author

Predictors of Developing Positive Attitudes and Increasing Perceptions of Training in Tobacco Control Among Catalan Nursing Students: A Follow-Up Study.

Journal of addictions nursing·2025

Same author

Smoking Cessation Treatment Outcomes Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in People With and Without Mental Health Disorders.

Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs·2025

Same author

Patterns of Tobacco Use, Dependence, and Motivation to Quit Among Individuals Seeking Treatment for Alcohol and Cannabis Consumption in Catalonia (Spain).

Journal of psychoactive drugs·2025

Same author

Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS Survey.

ERJ open research·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Simple advice for injured hazardous drinkers: an implementation study.

Alicia Rodríguez-Martos¹, Yolanda Castellano, Joan M Salmerón

¹Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl Lesseps 1, Barcelona, Spain. amartos@aspb.es

Alcohol and Alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)

|August 4, 2007

Summary

Implementing hazardous drinker screening in emergency departments (EDs) showed good nurse compliance but low patient identification rates. The program was perceived as a work overload, highlighting barriers to brief interventions in emergency settings.

More Related Videos

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

Published on: April 28, 2022

Modeling Alcohol Consumption in Rodents Using Two-Bottle Choice Home Cage Drinking and Microstructural Analysis

Modeling Alcohol Consumption in Rodents Using Two-Bottle Choice Home Cage Drinking and Microstructural Analysis

Published on: November 8, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

Published on: April 28, 2022

Modeling Alcohol Consumption in Rodents Using Two-Bottle Choice Home Cage Drinking and Microstructural Analysis

Modeling Alcohol Consumption in Rodents Using Two-Bottle Choice Home Cage Drinking and Microstructural Analysis

Published on: November 8, 2024

Area of Science:

Emergency Medicine
Public Health
Addiction Science

Background:

Screening for hazardous alcohol consumption is crucial for early intervention.
Emergency departments (EDs) are potential settings for identifying at-risk individuals.
Integrating new procedures into routine ED practice without additional staff presents challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the feasibility of implementing a hazardous drinker screening and intervention protocol in an ED setting.
To evaluate the process without increasing emergency department staffing levels.

Main Methods:

A four-stage implementation process (exploration, adoption, installation, initial implementation) was used in two hospitals.
Emergency nurses screened male patients over 15 with traffic injuries using a 5-question tool (AUDIT-C plus recent drinking).
Hazardous drinkers and intoxicated drivers received brief advice; implementation was evaluated via patient forms and staff surveys.

Main Results:

The 27-week study found good nurse knowledge and compliance, but only 25% of eligible patients were identified.
Brief advice was delivered to 94.7% of identified hazardous drinkers.
While nurses were comfortable with interventions, 75% found it a work overload, and only 21% deemed it feasible for the ED.

Conclusions:

The ED environment presents significant obstacles to the successful implementation of brief alcohol interventions.
Further strategies are needed to overcome barriers and improve the identification and intervention rates for hazardous drinkers in emergency settings.