Related Experiment Videos
Effectiveness of universal school-based programs to prevent violent and aggressive behavior: a systematic review.
Robert Hahn1, Dawna Fuqua-Whitley, Holly Wethington
1National Center for Health Marketing, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. Rhahn@cdc.gov
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|September 6, 2007
Summary
Universal, school-based violence prevention programs are effective for all students. Strong evidence shows these classroom-based interventions reduce violence rates in school-aged children and youth across all grade levels.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Education
- Criminology
Background:
- Universal, school-based programs aim to prevent violent behavior.
- These programs are implemented across all grade levels, from pre-kindergarten to high school.
- Targeting may include schools in high-risk areas (low socioeconomic status, high crime) and specific grade levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of universal, school-based programs in preventing violent behavior among school-aged children and youth.
- To synthesize evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the impact of these programs.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review methods developed for the Guide to Community Preventive Services (Community Guide).
- Independent, recently updated meta-analysis of school-based programs.
- Inclusion of programs delivered in regular classrooms to all children within targeted grades.
Main Results:
- Strong evidence supports the effectiveness of universal, school-based programs in decreasing violence rates.
- Program effects were consistent across all grade levels (pre-kindergarten through high school).
- Independent meta-analysis confirmed and supplemented the findings from the Community Guide.
Conclusions:
- Universal, school-based violence prevention programs are a proven strategy for reducing violence.
- These programs demonstrate consistent positive effects regardless of grade level.
- Evidence supports the widespread implementation of these interventions in schools.
Related Concept Videos
Behavior Modification
Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
Bullying
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is bullying.
Operant Conditioning Intervention
Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Group Design
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between the two are due to...
Community Based Intervention
Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
Behaviorism
The field of behaviorism was pioneered by figures such as Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and B.F. Skinner fundamentally shifted the focus of psychology to the observable and controllable aspects of human and animal behavior. This shift marked a critical evolution in the discipline, emphasizing scientific rigor and experimental methodology.
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...