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Bose-Einstein condensation in solid 4He.

S O Diallo1, J V Pearce, R T Azuah

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716-2593, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|August 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Neutron scattering experiments in solid helium show no evidence of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) below the critical temperature, despite observed superfluidity. The atomic momentum distribution remains unchanged, indicating zero condensate fraction.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Fluids

Background:

  • Superfluidity in solid helium suggests Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC).
  • Previous observations indicate superfluid density below the critical temperature (Tc).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in solid helium.
  • To measure the atomic momentum distribution n(k) and determine the condensate fraction (n0).

Main Methods:

  • Neutron scattering measurements were performed on solid helium.
  • Experiments were conducted at 41 bar pressure and temperatures between 80 and 500 mK.

Main Results:

  • The atomic momentum distribution n(k) showed no change upon crossing the critical temperature (Tc).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Condensate fractions at 80 mK and 120 mK were found to be consistent with zero (n0 = -0.10 ± 1.20% and n0 = 0.08 ± 0.78%, respectively).

    • Conclusions:

    • The study found no evidence for Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in solid helium under the tested conditions.
    • The results suggest that the observed superfluidity may not be directly linked to a macroscopic occupation of the k=0 state.