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A Microfluidic Approach for the Study of Ice and Clathrate Hydrate Crystallization
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Ice crystallization induced by optical breakdown.

B Lindinger1, R Mettin, R Chow

  • 1Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

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|August 7, 2007
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Focused laser pulses trigger ice crystallization in supercooled water by creating and collapsing bubbles. This process, involving plasma formation and bubble fragmentation, leads to ice nucleation, with homogeneous nucleation in compressed liquid proposed as the mechanism.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Supercooled water is metastable and prone to ice crystallization.
  • Laser-induced effects in liquids can lead to phase transitions.
  • Understanding nucleation mechanisms is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate laser-induced ice nucleation in supercooled water.
  • To analyze the dynamics of bubble formation, collapse, and subsequent crystallization.
  • To explore the underlying nucleation mechanism.

Main Methods:

  • Using focused Nd:YAG laser pulses (1064 nm, 8 ns, up to 2 mJ) to induce optical breakdown in supercooled water.
  • Employing high-speed imaging to capture bubble dynamics and ice nucleation events.
  • Analyzing nucleation statistics and crystal growth rates.

Main Results:

  • Laser pulses generated bubbles via optical breakdown and plasma formation.
  • Bubble collapse and fragmentation were observed to precede ice nucleation in many instances.
  • Nucleation statistics and crystal growth rates were quantified.

Conclusions:

  • Laser-induced bubble dynamics can initiate ice crystallization in supercooled water.
  • Homogeneous nucleation within the laser-induced compressed liquid phase is a plausible explanation for the observed effect.
  • The study provides insights into non-equilibrium phase transitions induced by pulsed lasers.