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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...

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Related Experiment Videos

Glottic tuberculosis masquerading as early multifocal carcinoma.

Giovanna Cantarella¹, Davide Pagani, Valter Fasano

¹Department of Otolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milan, Italy. giovanna.cantarella@policlinico.mi.it

|August 8, 2007

Summary

Laryngeal tuberculosis, a rare condition, can cause voice loss and mimic cancer. Prompt antituberculous chemotherapy effectively treated vocal fold lesions and restored voice quality in a recent case.

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Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Otolaryngology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) incidence declined with chemotherapy but is rising due to migration.
Laryngeal TB, once common, is now a rare clinical presentation.
Persistent aphonia in a smoker prompted investigation for laryngeal pathology.

Observation:

Videostroboscopy revealed bilateral vocal fold erythroleukoplakias.
Chest imaging raised suspicion for pulmonary tuberculosis.
Ziehl-Neelsen staining confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

Findings:

Antituberculous chemotherapy led to rapid voice improvement.
Vocal fold lesions resolved completely with treatment.
The patient was a 52-year-old female smoker.

Implications:

Laryngeal TB can present as erythroleukoplakia-like lesions.
It may be misdiagnosed as early glottic multifocal carcinoma.
Consider laryngeal TB in differential diagnosis to prevent vocal damage and incorrect surgery.