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Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
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Temporal order judgment and simple reaction times: evidence for a common processing system.

Pedro Cardoso-Leite1, Andrei Gorea, Pascal Mamassian

  • 1Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, CNRS & Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. pdrcardoso@gmail.com

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Summary

This study links reaction time (RT) and temporal order judgment (TOJ) on a trial-by-trial basis. Findings suggest perception and action share a common internal response but may use distinct decision criteria.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • The relationship between perception and action is a fundamental question in cognitive science.
  • Previous studies often analyzed reaction time (RT) and temporal order judgment (TOJ) separately.
  • Understanding how perceptual and motor processes interact is crucial for explaining behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the perception-action relationship by simultaneously assessing RT and TOJ on a trial-by-trial basis.
  • To examine the association between RT and the accuracy of TOJs.
  • To test the validity of one-system models in explaining perceptual and motor behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • A novel experiment combining RT and TOJ tasks within the same trial structure.
  • Analysis of RTs in relation to correct and incorrect TOJs.
  • Simulations using the one-system model (Gibbon & Rutschmann, 1969) to fit experimental data.

Main Results:

  • RTs varied significantly based on TOJ accuracy, indicating shared underlying response mechanisms.
  • One-system model simulations provided good fits for RTs but highlighted discrepancies when classifying by TOJ.
  • The point of subjective simultaneity was smaller than the RT difference, suggesting distinct decision criteria for perception and action.

Conclusions:

  • Data support "one-system-two-decision" models, where perception and action share a common system but employ separate decision criteria.
  • The observed internal noise levels contradict standard race models, necessitating further investigation.
  • Further research and modeling are required to resolve the apparent discrepancy in decision ordering between perception and action.