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Cell-oriented analysis in vivo using diffusion tensor imaging for normal-appearing brain tissue in multiple

Kenshi Terajima1, Hitoshi Matsuzawa, Keiko Tanaka

  • 1Center for Integrated Human Brain Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, Niigata, Japan. terajima@bri.niigata-u.ac.jp

Neuroimage
|August 11, 2007
PubMed
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Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) reveals cellular changes in normal-appearing brain tissue (NABT) in multiple sclerosis (MS). This method identifies axonal loss and glial proliferation in the juxtacortical region, a key area affected by MS.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves injury to normal-appearing brain tissue (NABT).
  • Existing Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) methods struggle with cellular-level analysis of NABT injury.
  • Histological examination is challenging for in vivo NABT analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel DTI-based method for segregating NABT into distinct cellular structures.
  • To investigate cellular-level changes in NABT in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients.
  • To confirm histological findings regarding vulnerable regions in MS using in vivo imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a DTI analysis method using lambda chart analysis and 2D Gaussian deconvolution.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Segregated NABT into four structure types: small neurons/glia, large neurons, short axons, and long axons.
  • Compared DTI-derived parameters (trace, fractional anisotropy, volume fraction) between 14 RRMS patients and 20 healthy volunteers.

    • Main Results:

    • RRMS patients showed significantly higher trace values and lower fractional anisotropy in all segregated structures compared to controls.
    • Volume fractions of short axon structures decreased, while small neuron and glia structures increased in RRMS patients.
    • These changes were predominantly observed in the juxtacortical region.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed DTI method enables cell-oriented analysis of NABT injury.
    • Axonal loss and glial proliferation are key cellular changes in the juxtacortical region in RRMS.
    • This approach validates histological observations of the juxtacortical region's vulnerability in MS using in vivo imaging.