Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process information is...
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
Mathematical Modeling: Problem Solving01:29

Mathematical Modeling: Problem Solving

Mathematical modeling transforms real-world scenarios into mathematical expressions, allowing for structured problem-solving and analysis. This process involves defining the situation, assigning variables to measurable quantities, selecting an appropriate model, and solving the resulting equation. Such models are invaluable in finance, providing precise methods to evaluate investments, loans, and repayment structures.A widely used example is the calculation of fixed monthly payments on a loan,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Combining EEG signals from the 2 members of a team to improve event identification.

Neuroimage. Reports·2026
Same author

Using the environment to predict memory performance.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2026
Same author

Reducing Mass Spectrometry Noise via Coupled Desorption Flux and Background Modeling.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·2025
Same author

Mathematics Matters or Maybe Not: An Astonishing Independence between Mathematics and the Rate of Learning in General Chemistry.

JACS Au·2025
Same author

Tracking the Cognitive Band in an Open-Ended Task.

Cognitive science·2024
Same author

UV damage induces production of mitochondrial DNA fragments with specific length profiles.

Genetics·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

Cognitive tutor: applied research in mathematics education.

Steven Ritter1, John R Anderson, Kenneth R Koedinger

  • 1Carnegie Learning, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA. sritter@carnegielearning.com

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|August 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive models of mathematics have informed effective middle and high school curricula for 25 years. This research validates their instructional effectiveness and explores new methods for improving math cognition through software evaluation.

More Related Videos

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
12:55

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
12:55

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Educational Psychology
  • Mathematics Education

Background:

  • For 25 years, cognitive models of mathematics have been developed.
  • These models form the basis for current middle and high school curricula.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the theoretical background of cognitive models in mathematics education.
  • To present evidence on the effectiveness of curricula based on these models.
  • To explore the role of instructional software in evaluating teaching effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Review of theoretical background and evidence for cognitive models in math instruction.
  • Analysis of instructional effectiveness data from software implementation.
  • Large-scale hypothesis testing across diverse student populations.

Main Results:

  • Curricula based on cognitive models demonstrate superior instructional effectiveness compared to alternative approaches.
  • Instructional software enables dynamic and detailed evaluation of teaching efficacy.
  • Widespread software use facilitates large-scale testing of hypotheses.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive models provide a robust foundation for effective mathematics instruction.
  • Instructional software enhances the ability to assess and improve math education.
  • Ongoing research using this approach promises advancements in understanding mathematical cognition and pedagogy.