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Knee loading accelerates bone healing in mice.

Ping Zhang1, Qiwei Sun, Charles H Turner

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|August 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Knee loading, a noninvasive mechanical stimulation, significantly accelerates bone wound healing in mice tibias. This anabolic loading enhances both reparative and remodeling phases, offering potential clinical applications for tibial fracture recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Bone healing is influenced by mechanical stimuli, with specific strain magnitudes promoting anabolic responses.
  • Previous research demonstrated that knee loading (10-20 m strain) stimulates bone formation in murine tibias and femora.
  • This study investigated whether knee loading could accelerate the closure of surgically created tibial wounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if noninvasive knee loading accelerates the healing of surgically induced tibial bone wounds in mice.
  • To evaluate the effect of mechanical stimulation on the reparative and remodeling phases of bone healing.

Main Methods:

  • Surgical wounds were created in the tibias of 53 female mice.
  • Knee loading (0.5 N peak-to-peak force) was applied to one limb for 3 minutes daily over 3 days, with the contralateral limb serving as a sham control.

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  • Wound healing was assessed using micro-computed tomography (muCT), peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), and bone histomorphometry.

    • Main Results:

    • Knee loading significantly reduced surgical wound size by 13-25% compared to controls across 1-3 weeks.
    • Post-hoc analysis revealed increased bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in loaded tibias.
    • Histomorphometry indicated stimulated bone formation proximal to the wound site.

    Conclusions:

    • Noninvasive knee loading effectively accelerates bone wound healing and enhances bone formation in the tibia.
    • The observed benefits occurred without significant in situ strain at the wound site.
    • This method holds promise for clinical applications in stimulating bone healing, even for immobilized fractures.