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Histopathology based cancer pattern in Mymensingh region of Bangladesh
S I Talukdar1, M A Haque, M O Alam
1Department of Pathology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. sadequel@yahoo.com
Insights
This study reveals stomach and cervical cancers are most common in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Data from two labs highlight cancer profiles, informing public health strategies for cancer prevention and control.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Limited population-based cancer data exists for the Mymensingh region of Bangladesh.
- Understanding cancer profiles is crucial for targeted public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequencies and types of cancers in Mymensingh using laboratory-based registry data.
- To analyze cancer distribution by age, gender, and anatomical site.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 470 cancer cases from two histopathology laboratories in Mymensingh (2006).
- Data categorized by age groups, gender, and cancer site.
- Statistical analysis to identify common cancer types and their distribution.
Main Results:
- Stomach and uterine cervix cancers were the most frequent overall.
- In males, common cancers included stomach, lymph node, and oesophagus.
- In females, uterine cervix, breast, and ovary cancers were most prevalent.
Conclusions:
- The study provides initial insights into the cancer profile of Mymensingh.
- Cervical cancer screening and H. pylori eradication are recommended for cancer reduction.
- Establishment of a population-based cancer registry is essential for accurate incidence data.
Abstract:
To our knowledge, population-based published data regarding the cancer profile in Mymensingh region of Bangladesh is not available. This study was designed to provide information regarding the frequencies of cancers through sample data retrieved from histopathology (surgical pathology) laboratory based cancer registry from two laboratories in Mymensingh. All malignant tumours recorded in 2006 in the register of pathology laboratory of Mymensingh Medical College and one private pathology laboratory in Mymensingh town were taken as sample data for analysis in terms of age groups, gender and types of cancer with relation to site. A total of 470 cases diagnosed as cancer were found in the register, of which males were 249(53%) and females were 221(47%) with male to female ratio 1.2: 1. Highest numbers of cases were found in the age group of 51-60 years. In male group frequency of malignant tumours was found in the age group of 51-60 years and the female group it is 41-50 years. Top five sites of cancer, irrespective of sex, were of stomach, uterine cervix, colo-rectum, lymph nodes and breast. According to decreasing order of frequency, in the males, the top five cancers were of stomach, lymph node, oesophagus, urinary bladder and colo-rectum. In the female groups these were of uterine cervix, breast, ovary, colo-rectum and stomach. Cancer cases in the age group of 51-60 years were significantly higher in males than in females (p<0.001). The commonest cancers in males and females were of stomach and cervix, respectively. As the analysis was based only on surgical specimens, the exact incidence of cancer of lung and liver could not be evaluated. Because, majorities of the malignancies in these organs are diagnosed mainly on cytological examination. Population-based cancer registry should be maintained to explore the exact patterns of cancer in the study region. Cervical cancer screening program and eradication of H. pylori infection program may be helpful for the reduction of incidence of cancer in this region.
