Non-nuclear attractor of electron density as a manifestation of the solvated electron

Two or more polar molecules can trap an excess electron either in a dipole-bound fashion where it is located outside of the cluster (dipole-bound electron) or inside the cluster (solvated electron). The topology of the electron density in dipole-bound and solvated-electron clusters has been examined for the paradigm (HF)3- cluster. As spatial confinement of the excess electron increases, a non-nuclear maximum (or attractor) of the electron density eventually forms, which suggests that the solvated electron can be described as a topological atom with its own set of physicochemical properties.