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Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Published on: June 27, 2014
Proton MR spectroscopy of the prostate
Ullrich G Mueller-Lisse1, Michael K Scherr
1Dept. of Clinical Radiology, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Standorte Grosshadern und Innenstadt, Ziemssenstrasse 1, D-80336 Muenchen, Germany. ullrich.mueller-lisse@med.uni-muenchen.de
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the prostate detects biochemical differences between healthy and cancerous tissue using citrate and choline levels. Combined with MR imaging, it offers high accuracy for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment planning.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Imaging
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is an advanced imaging technique.
- Understanding the biochemical profiles of prostate tissue is crucial for diagnosis.
- Current diagnostic methods for prostate cancer have limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the technical and biochemical aspects of in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the human prostate.
- To summarize the clinical applications of prostate MRS.
- To evaluate the utility of MRS in prostate cancer detection and management.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of pertinent radiological and biochemical studies using Medline and PubMed.
- Extraction of basic concepts of prostate MRS and its clinical applications.
- Focus on point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) and spin echo (SE) sequences with outer volume suppression.
Main Results:
- Prostate MRS detects citrate, choline, and creatine levels.
- Healthy tissue has high citrate and low choline; cancer tissue shows high choline and altered citrate metabolism.
- The ratio of (choline+creatine)/citrate differentiates healthy from cancerous tissue.
- Three-dimensional MRS imaging (3D-MRSI) combined with MR imaging achieves high sensitivity and specificity, exceeding sextant biopsy.
- Positive predictive value for cancer presence is 80-90% when MRS and MR imaging agree.
- Distinction between healthy and cancerous tissue is maintained post-therapy.
Conclusions:
- Combined MR imaging and 3D-MRSI is non-invasive, reliable, radiation-free, and repeatable.
- This technique aids in biopsy planning, therapy planning, and post-therapeutic follow-up.
- Wider clinical acceptance requires streamlined MRS examinations and broader institutional availability.
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