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Tuberculosis morbidity in the United States: final data, 1990.
Summary
Tuberculosis cases are rising in the US, with significant increases among minority populations and adults aged 25-44. This trend may be linked to human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) incidence had historically declined.
- A resurgence in reported TB cases began in 1988.
- The increase accelerated significantly by 1990.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in reported tuberculosis cases in the United States.
- To identify demographic and age-related shifts in TB incidence.
- To explore potential contributing factors to the observed increases.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of reported tuberculosis case data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
- Examination of trends from 1985 to 1990.
- Stratification of data by race/ethnicity, age, and birthplace.
Main Results:
- Reported TB cases increased by 9.4% in 1990 and 15.8% from 1985-1990.
- Disproportionate increases observed in Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and Asian/Pacific Islander populations.
- Largest increases occurred in the 25-44 age group, potentially linked to HIV/AIDS, and notably in children.
- The proportion of cases among foreign-born individuals rose from 21.6% to 24.4%.
Conclusions:
- The US is experiencing a significant resurgence of tuberculosis.
- Specific demographic groups, including minorities and young to middle-aged adults (potentially due to HIV/AIDS), are disproportionately affected.
- The rising proportion of cases among foreign-born individuals highlights the importance of global TB control and domestic surveillance.