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[Screening versus diagnostic tests: an update in the speech, language and hearing pathology practice]
Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart1, Brasília Maria Chiari
1Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. bgoulart@via-rs.net
Pro-Fono : Revista De Atualizacao Cientifica
|August 22, 2007
Summary
Screening and diagnostic tests for human communication disorders have different objectives and selection criteria. Key indicators like sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility are crucial for choosing appropriate evaluation instruments.
Area of Science:
- Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences
- Epidemiology
- Health Services Research
Context:
- Understanding the properties and application of screening and diagnostic tests is essential in healthcare.
- Selection of appropriate evaluation instruments impacts the efficiency and effectiveness of health programs.
- Existing literature up to January 2007 was reviewed for epidemiological concepts.
Purpose:
- To delineate concepts of screening and diagnostic tests for specific applications.
- To provide practical examples in human communication.
- To outline validation and selection criteria for these instruments in health settings.
Summary:
- Diagnostic and screening instruments serve distinct purposes and have different eligibility criteria.
- Sensitivity and specificity are vital metrics for selecting diagnostic or screening tools.
- Reproducibility, time, and patient preparation are also important selection indicators.
Impact:
- Enhancing knowledge of evaluation methodologies improves resource utilization in health services.
- Systematic stimulation of information exchange on test properties is needed.
- Validated instruments in human communication disorders advance the Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences field.
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