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The developmental genetics of microevolution.

David L Stern1

  • 1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

Novartis Foundation Symposium
|August 23, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Genetic variation within populations typically has small effects, while species differences often involve large-effect genes. Studies show the same gene, shavenbaby/ovo, evolved in Drosophila, supporting parallel evolution of similar traits.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental genetics

Background:

  • Most genetic variation within populations causes small phenotypic effects.
  • Differences between species are sometimes attributed to a few genes with large effects.
  • Evolutionary developmental biology often focuses on key 'molecular toolbox' genes for morphological evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between genetic variation within populations and species differences.
  • To reconcile seemingly contradictory findings in evolutionary genetics and developmental biology.
  • To test the neo-Darwinian prediction that species differences arise from common types of genetic variants found within populations.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of genetic variation in natural populations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of genetic basis for species-specific traits.
  • Studies on the evolution of the shavenbaby/ovo gene in Drosophila lineages.

    • Main Results:

    • Similar phenotypes evolved in multiple Drosophila lineages through changes in the same gene, shavenbaby/ovo.
    • This demonstrates parallel evolution, where the same gene is repeatedly favored for evolutionary change.
    • The shavenbaby/ovo gene plays a critical role in patterning larval trichomes.

    Conclusions:

    • The shavenbaby/ovo gene's central role in a developmental network makes it a recurrent target for evolutionary adaptation.
    • Parallel evolution of the same gene can explain the repeated emergence of similar phenotypes across different lineages.
    • Findings support the neo-Darwinian framework by showing how variants of the same gene can contribute to both within-species variation and between-species divergence.