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The uncertain search for the diffuse silver bullet: science, policy and prospects
1National Centre for Water Resources, NIWA, Hamilton, New Zealand. jim.cooke@beca.com
Summary
Public perception suggests declining water quality in New Zealand, despite extensive research on diffuse pollution mitigation. This study examines this perception and evaluates various management strategies for improving receiving water quality.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Water Resource Management
- Ecology
Background:
- Diffuse pollution sources significantly impact receiving water quality.
- Extensive research and guidelines exist for riparian zone input reduction.
- Public perception in New Zealand indicates a continued decline in water quality despite mitigation efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the accuracy of public perception regarding declining water quality.
- To analyze the challenges water resource managers face in improving water quality.
- To compare the effectiveness of different nutrient export reduction techniques.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of state-of-the-environment reporting.
- Interviews with water resource managers.
- Review of published literature.
- Case study of Lake Taupo, New Zealand.
Main Results:
- Difficulties in arresting water quality decline were identified.
- Comparison of nutrient export reduction potential between non-invasive techniques (riparian buffers, wetlands) and source control measures (nitrification inhibitors, wintering pads).
Conclusions:
- Voluntary measures and best management practices may not be sufficient for necessary nutrient reductions.
- Further options need consideration if current strategies fail to maintain lake water quality.
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