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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Laboratory Techniques Used to Maintain and Differentiate Biotypes of Vibrio cholerae Clinical and Environmental Isolates

Laboratory Techniques Used to Maintain and Differentiate Biotypes of Vibrio cholerae Clinical and Environmental Isolates

Published on: May 30, 2017

Vibrio cholerae: cholera toxin.

Davy Vanden Broeck¹, Caroline Horvath, Marc J S De Wolf

¹UA-Laboratory of Human Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium. davy.vandenbroeck@ua.ac.be

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology

|August 25, 2007

Summary

Cholera toxin causes severe diarrhea by activating adenylate cyclase. Its B-subunit shows potential for immunologists, fortifying immune responses and inducing tolerance.

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Published on: May 28, 2007

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Immunology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Vibrio cholerae produces cholera toxin, a key factor in severe diarrheal disease.
Cholera toxin is an AB toxin comprising an A-subunit and a B-subunit pentamer.
The toxin targets adenylate cyclase after cellular internalization and transport.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanism of cholera toxin-induced cellular dysfunction.
To explore the immunological potential of the cholera toxin B-subunit.

Main Methods:

Analysis of toxin structure and function.
Investigation of cellular transport pathways.
Assessment of immune response modulation by the B-subunit.

Main Results:

Cholera toxin activates adenylate cyclase via mono-ADP-ribosylation of G(S)-protein in the cytosol.
Elevated cAMP levels lead to water and electrolyte loss, causing diarrhea.
The B-subunit demonstrates potential in enhancing immune responses, antigen delivery, and inducing tolerance.

Conclusions:

Cholera toxin's mechanism involves retrograde transport to the ER and cytosol delivery.
The B-subunit of cholera toxin offers unique properties valuable for immunological applications.