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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
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Morphological study on quadruplets by cephalometric and model analyses.

Tamami Shino1, Kaoruko Kawabata, Kunihiko Nojima

  • 1Department of Clinical Oral Health Science, Tokyo Dental College, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan. tamasino@tdc.ac.jp

The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College
|August 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study examined orthodontic data from quadruplets, revealing significant variations in maxillofacial development. Findings highlight the complex interplay of genetics and environment in dental and skeletal growth.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Understanding genetic influences on maxillofacial development is crucial for orthodontic treatment.
  • Research on multiple births offers unique insights into genetic and environmental factors.

Observation:

  • Orthodontic evaluation of quadruplets (1 girl, 3 boys) aged 9 years 7 months.
  • Quadruplets exhibited normalized height/weight post-birth, but advanced skeletal age (mean 10 years 2 months).
  • Common findings included symmetrical, convex facial profiles, advanced dental age (Hellman's IIIA), spaced anterior teeth, 5-7mm overbite/overjet, and mesial step terminal plane.

Findings:

  • Model analysis indicated large tooth material with narrow arch width.
  • Cephalometric analysis revealed skeletal maxillary protrusion with mandibular retrusion (ANB=6°) in the first and fourth born.

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  • The second and third born showed no significant skeletal abnormalities.

    • Implications:

    • This case study underscores the variability in maxillofacial growth even within genetically similar individuals.
    • Results suggest potential genetic predispositions influencing specific skeletal patterns in orthodontics.
    • Further research on multiple births can refine orthodontic treatment planning and prognosis.