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Partitioning the adoption process to better predict permanency.

Tom McDonald1, Alan Press, Peggy Billings

  • 1University of Kansas, School of Social Welfare, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA. t-mcdonald@ku.edu

Child Welfare
|August 29, 2007
PubMed
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This study analyzed adoption finalization, finding that child and family factors predict timely placement. Decreased time from placement to finalization significantly shortened overall adoption timelines.

Area of Science:

  • Child Welfare Research
  • Family Law and Policy
  • Social Work Practice

Background:

  • Federal standards mandate adoption finalization within 24 months for 32% of cases under the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997.
  • Adoption is a two-step process: adoptive placement and adoption finalization.
  • Understanding predictors for each step is crucial for improving practice and policy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate predictors of timely adoptive placement and adoption finalization.
  • To determine if predictors differ between the placement and finalization stages of adoption.
  • To identify strategies for enhancing timely adoption outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed children's adoption event history using five annual entry cohorts, including all children with adoption case plans.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examined predictors such as child characteristics, maltreatment history, placement history, system variables, and service delivery.
  • Differentiated analysis between time to adoptive placement and time from placement to finalization.

    • Main Results:

    • The overall time from removal to adoption finalization significantly decreased over the five-year study period.
    • This decrease was primarily driven by a reduction in the time from adoptive placement to finalization.
    • Child and family characteristics and abuse/neglect history were stronger predictors of timely adoptive placement than of timely finalization.

    Conclusions:

    • Predictors for adoptive placement and finalization stages differ, requiring tailored interventions.
    • Child and family factors are key for achieving timely adoptive placements.
    • Findings offer actionable strategies to improve the speed and success of adoption finalization.