Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electron Behavior00:54

Electron Behavior

Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that are attracted to an orbit around the positively-charged nucleus of an atom. They reside in locations that are associated with energy levels called shells and are further organized into sub-shells and orbitals within each shell.Electrons Orbit the NucleusElectrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the nucleus...
Electronic Structure of Atoms02:28

Electronic Structure of Atoms


An atom comprises protons and neutrons, which are contained inside the dense, central core called the nucleus, with electrons present around the nucleus. Taking into account the wave–particle duality of electrons and the uncertainty in position around the nucleus, quantum mechanics provides a more accurate model for the atomic structure. It describes atomic orbitals as the regions around the nucleus where electrons of discrete energy exist, characterized by four quantum numbers:  n, l, ml, and...
Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
Electron Behavior01:09

Electron Behavior

Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles attracted to and orbit around the positively-charged nucleus of an atom. They reside in spaces associated with energy levels called shells and are further organized into subshells and orbitals within each shell.
Electrons Orbit the Nucleus
Electrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the nucleus have less energy,...
The Electrical Double Layer01:30

The Electrical Double Layer

In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Electronic neural network chips.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Building a hierarchy with neural networks: an example-image vector quantization.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Capacitive-mesh output couplers for optically pumped far-infrared lasers.

Optics letters·2009
Same author

Application of the ANNA neural network chip to high-speed character recognition.

IEEE transactions on neural networks·1992
Same author

Renormalization of the mean-field superconducting penetration depth in epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7 films.

Physical review letters·1988
Same author

Processing Techniques for the 93 K Superconductor Ba2YCu3O7.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·1988
Same journal

A native sulfur deposit in Gale crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Coordinated demise of harmful algal blooms.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Genetic effects put into context.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Bacteria share proteins to survive antibiotics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Impacts shaped Earth's first continents.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Erratum for the Report "Covalently bonded single-molecule junctions with stable and reversible photoswitched conductivity" by C. Jia <i>et al</i>.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

In Situ Time-dependent Dielectric Breakdown in the Transmission Electron Microscope: A Possibility to Understand the Failure Mechanism in Microelectronic Devices
09:26

In Situ Time-dependent Dielectric Breakdown in the Transmission Electron Microscope: A Possibility to Understand the Failure Mechanism in Microelectronic Devices

Published on: June 26, 2015

Electrons in silicon microstructures.

R E Howard, L D Jackel, P M Mankiewich

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |January 24, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers fabricated nanoscale silicon structures to study electron transport. Localized voltage probes enabled investigations into phenomena like velocity saturation and quantum tunneling in confined electron systems.

    More Related Videos

    Microcrystal Electron Diffraction of Small Molecules
    09:48

    Microcrystal Electron Diffraction of Small Molecules

    Published on: March 15, 2021

    Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
    06:53

    Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

    Published on: June 9, 2023

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

    In Situ Time-dependent Dielectric Breakdown in the Transmission Electron Microscope: A Possibility to Understand the Failure Mechanism in Microelectronic Devices
    09:26

    In Situ Time-dependent Dielectric Breakdown in the Transmission Electron Microscope: A Possibility to Understand the Failure Mechanism in Microelectronic Devices

    Published on: June 26, 2015

    Microcrystal Electron Diffraction of Small Molecules
    09:48

    Microcrystal Electron Diffraction of Small Molecules

    Published on: March 15, 2021

    Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
    06:53

    Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

    Published on: June 9, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Solid-state physics
    • Nanoscience
    • Quantum electronics

    Background:

    • Understanding electron transport in nanoscale dimensions is crucial for developing advanced electronic devices.
    • Fabrication of precisely controlled silicon microstructures is essential for fundamental physical studies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate electron transport phenomena in silicon microstructures with dimensions of a few hundred atoms.
    • To utilize spatially localized voltage probes for high-resolution physical measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of silicon microstructures with widths of a few hundred atoms.
    • Employment of spatially resolved voltage probes with a minimum separation of 0.1 micrometer.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the capability to study electron transport in narrow silicon channels.
    • Enabled investigation of velocity saturation due to phonon emission.
    • Allowed analysis of local potentials from single trapped electrons and quantum tunneling/hopping phenomena.

    Conclusions:

    • Narrow silicon channels with localized probes are effective for studying fundamental electron transport physics.
    • The methodology facilitates the exploration of quantum effects and scattering mechanisms in confined electronic systems.