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Related Concept Videos

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview01:26

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview

Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by water loss...
2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
Nitrosation of Enols01:19

Nitrosation of Enols

The nitrosation reaction is one of the methods of preparing 1,2-diketones. The enol tautomer of the starting ketone reacts with sodium nitrite in hydrochloric acid, generating the 1,2-diketone after hydrolysis.
Gas Chromatography: Overview of Detectors01:13

Gas Chromatography: Overview of Detectors

Detectors in gas chromatography (GC) help identify and quantify the components of a mixture by translating chemical properties into measurable signals, which are displayed on a chromatogram. Detectors can be categorized into two main types: destructive and non-destructive.
A non-destructive detector allows a sample to be analyzed without altering or consuming it, meaning the sample can be collected after detection for further analysis. Examples include thermal conductivity detectors and...
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme nitrate reductase...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

A General Method for Detecting Nitrosamide Formation in the In Vitro Metabolism of Nitrosamines by Cytochrome P450s
07:38

A General Method for Detecting Nitrosamide Formation in the In Vitro Metabolism of Nitrosamines by Cytochrome P450s

Published on: September 25, 2017

N-nitroso compounds: detection in ambient air.

D H Fine, D P Rounbehler, N M Belcher

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |June 25, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dimethylnitrosamine, a type of N-nitroso compound, was detected in air samples from Baltimore and Belle. This study utilized a new, highly sensitive detection technique for N-nitroso compounds.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Chemistry
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • N-nitroso compounds are a class of chemicals with known carcinogenic potential.
    • Previous methods for detecting N-nitroso compounds lacked sufficient sensitivity.
    • Air quality monitoring is crucial for public health assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and apply a novel, highly selective detection technique for N-nitroso compounds.
    • To quantify dimethylnitrosamine levels in ambient air samples from different US cities.
    • To identify and characterize other N-nitroso compounds present in the air.

    Main Methods:

    • A new detection technique based on catalytic cleavage of the N-NO bond and nitrosyl radical detection.
    • Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for compound separation and confirmation.

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    Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds
    08:23

    Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds

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    Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

    A General Method for Detecting Nitrosamide Formation in the In Vitro Metabolism of Nitrosamines by Cytochrome P450s
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    Published on: September 25, 2017

    Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Atmospheric Environments via a High-performance Liquid Chromatography-electrochemical Detector System
    07:32

    Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Atmospheric Environments via a High-performance Liquid Chromatography-electrochemical Detector System

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    Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds
    08:23

    Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds

    Published on: February 16, 2022

  • Analysis of air samples collected from Baltimore, Maryland, and Belle, West Virginia.

    • Main Results:

    • Dimethylnitrosamine was detected in air samples from Baltimore (0.02–0.96 ppb) and Belle (0.014–0.051 ppb).
    • The detection technique achieved picogram sensitivity (1 part in 10^12).
    • One to three unidentified N-nitroso compounds were also detected in Baltimore and Belle air samples.

    Conclusions:

    • The new analytical method effectively detects and quantifies dimethylnitrosamine in ambient air.
    • Dimethylnitrosamine is present in the air of industrial and urban environments.
    • Further research is needed to identify unknown N-nitroso compounds and assess their health risks.