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Related Concept Videos

Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions03:26

Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions

An acid-base reaction is one in which a hydrogen ion, H+, is transferred from one chemical species to another. Such reactions are of central importance to numerous natural and technological processes, ranging from the chemical transformations within cells or lakes and oceans to the industrial-scale production of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, and other substances essential to the society.
Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions01:27

Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions

Acids and bases play several important roles in biology. The pH of a biological system can significantly impact the function of biological molecules, including enzymes, proteins, and nucleic acids. For example, enzymes have optimal pH ranges for their activity, and changes in pH can denature or alter their structure, affecting their function. Acids and bases also play a crucial role in cellular signaling and communication. The pH of the extracellular fluid around cells can influence the...
Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
Microbial Leaching01:27

Microbial Leaching

Microbial leaching, also known as bioleaching, is an environmentally favorable method for extracting metals from low-grade ores using specific microorganisms. This biotechnological approach is particularly valuable for mining operations targeting copper, gold, and uranium, where traditional extraction methods may be economically or environmentally impractical.Copper Leaching and Microbial CatalysisIn copper bioleaching, crushed ore is arranged into heaps and irrigated with a dilute sulfuric...
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Acid Mine Drainage

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Derivation, Interpretation, and Application of the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·1946
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent
11:14

Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent

Published on: February 21, 2017

THE SOLUTION OF SOIL MINERALS IN DILUTE ACIDS.

P G Nutting

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |June 15, 1945
    PubMed
    Summary

    Montmorillonite readily dissolves in acidic water, forming an aluminosilicate sol. This study details the sol

    Area of Science:

    • Clay Science
    • Geochemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Montmorillonite clay dissolution behavior varies with acid concentration.
    • Previous studies on halloysite-allophane solutions established different dissolution relationships.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the dissolution and recombination of montmorillonite in acidic solutions.
    • To characterize the resulting amorphous aluminosilicate sol.
    • To establish a quantitative relationship between reactants and sol formation for montmorillonite.

    Main Methods:

    • Dissolution of montmorillonite in varying concentrations of acid (0.02-0.5%).
    • Recovery of the aluminosilicate sol via evaporation, washing, and drying.
    • Chemical characterization of the amorphous colloid (Al(2)O(3).mSiO(2).nH(2)O).

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    Monitoring Pedogenic Inorganic Carbon Accumulation Due to Weathering of Amended Silicate Minerals in Agricultural Soils.
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    Monitoring Pedogenic Inorganic Carbon Accumulation Due to Weathering of Amended Silicate Minerals in Agricultural Soils.

    Published on: June 4, 2021

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    Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

    Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent
    11:14

    Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent

    Published on: February 21, 2017

    Combined Size and Density Fractionation of Soils for Investigations of Organo-Mineral Interactions
    08:38

    Combined Size and Density Fractionation of Soils for Investigations of Organo-Mineral Interactions

    Published on: February 15, 2019

    Monitoring Pedogenic Inorganic Carbon Accumulation Due to Weathering of Amended Silicate Minerals in Agricultural Soils.
    07:32

    Monitoring Pedogenic Inorganic Carbon Accumulation Due to Weathering of Amended Silicate Minerals in Agricultural Soils.

    Published on: June 4, 2021

    Main Results:

    • In slightly acidic water, montmorillonite dissolves, releasing bases and silica.
    • These components recombine into an amorphous aluminosilicate sol with an average SiO(2):Al(2)O(3) molar ratio (m) of 4.1.
    • A general relationship was found for sol formation from montmorillonite, distinct from halloysite-allophane.

    Conclusions:

    • Montmorillonite dissolution in acidic media yields a characteristic amorphous aluminosilicate sol.
    • The established quantitative relationship provides insights into clay-acid interactions.
    • Further research is needed to explore temperature-dependent variations in these relationships.