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An experimental study on mandibular movement and osteoporosis.
M Shimahara1, K Ono, N Hashiguchi
1Department of Oral Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Japan.
Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology
|December 1, 1991
Summary
Immobilizing rat jaws led to osteoporosis-like changes in the mandible, including bone loss and cartilage disturbances. This study clarifies the link between mandibular movement and bone health.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Orthodontics
- Bone Biology
Background:
- Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration.
- The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is susceptible to various conditions, and its relationship with systemic diseases like osteoporosis requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of mandibular immobilization on bone structure within the temporomandibular joint.
- To elucidate the relationship between restricted mandibular movement and the development of osteoporosis-like changes.
Main Methods:
- Temporo-mandibular joints of 8-week-old rats were surgically immobilized to restrict jaw movement.
- Histologic studies were conducted chronologically over a five-week period to assess bone changes.
Main Results:
- After three weeks, significant expansion of the marrow cavity and reduced trabecular bone were observed in the mandibular process and fossa.
- By the fifth week, a clear osteoporosis-like state was evident, characterized by irregular mandibular process morphology.
- Disturbances in the cartilaginous ossification of the articular cartilage of the condyle were also noted.
Conclusions:
- Mandibular immobilization can induce osteoporosis-like changes in the rat temporomandibular joint.
- Restricted jaw movement negatively affects mandibular bone structure and cartilage integrity.
- Findings suggest a potential link between mechanical loading of the jaw and the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.