Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Utility of Right Ventricular Mass Ratios in Recipients With Pulmonary Hypertension: A United Network for Organ-Sharing Database Analysis.

Clinical transplantation·2026
Same author

Association between functional Status and cardiac function in chronic heart failure: insights from the C-MIC II Trial.

ESC heart failure·2026
Same author

Chronic kidney disease following left ventricular assist device implantation: contemporary insights and future perspectives.

Heart failure reviews·2025
Same author

Impact of 2018 Donor Heart Allocation Policy Change on Patients on Biventricular Support: A UNOS Database Analysis.

Artificial organs·2025
Same author

Trends in Left Ventricular Assist Device Utilization and Survival Outcomes Following the Donor Allocation Policy Change.

Artificial organs·2025
Same author

Veno-pulmonary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for concomitant right ventricular and respiratory support: A systematic review of utilization patterns and outcomes.

Perfusion·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats
07:31

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats

Published on: December 2, 2016

Heart failure and cardiac hypertrophy.

J Eduardo Rame1, Daniel L Dries

  • 1Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0124 M1177C, San Francisco, CA 94143-0124, USA. erame@medicine.ucsf.edu

Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
|September 1, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, if untreated, leads to heart failure. Early prevention and treatment of heart failure are crucial for improving patient outcomes and preventing cardiovascular events.

More Related Videos

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix
10:21

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Published on: June 14, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats
07:31

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats

Published on: December 2, 2016

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix
10:21

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Published on: June 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Left ventricular failure is a common outcome of various myocardial injuries like hypertension and infarction.
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy, initially adaptive, becomes maladaptive and a risk factor for heart failure when untreated.
  • The progression from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure in humans remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the transition from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure.
  • To emphasize the importance of preventing heart failure and associated cardiovascular events.
  • To outline current treatment strategies for established heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
  • Analysis of the pathophysiology linking maladaptive hypertrophy to heart failure.
  • Synthesis of current clinical guidelines for heart failure management.

Main Results:

  • Untreated pathologic cardiac hypertrophy is a significant risk factor for heart failure development.
  • Prevention of heart failure and cardiovascular events like stroke and atrial fibrillation is a primary treatment goal.
  • Medical and device therapies aim to improve function, survival, and prevent progression in heart failure patients.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure is critical for effective prevention and treatment.
  • Proactive management of cardiovascular risk factors and early intervention are key.
  • Comprehensive treatment strategies are necessary for patients with established heart failure to improve quality of life and prognosis.