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Related Concept Videos

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Introduction01:05

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Introduction

It is far more common for collisions to occur in two dimensions; that is, the initial velocity vectors are neither parallel nor antiparallel to each other. Let's see what complications arise from this. The first idea is that momentum is a vector. Like all vectors, it can be expressed as a sum of perpendicular components (usually, though not always, an x-component and a y-component, and a z-component if necessary). Thus, when the statement of conservation of momentum is written for a problem,...
Types of Collisions - II01:19

Types of Collisions - II

When two or more objects collide with each other, they can stick together to form one single composite object (after collision). The total mass of the object after the collision is the sum of the masses of the original objects, and it moves with a velocity dictated by the conservation of momentum. Although the system's total momentum remains constant, the kinetic energy decreases, and thus such a collision is an inelastic collision. Most of the collisions between objects in daily life are...
Elastic Collisions: Introduction01:00

Elastic Collisions: Introduction

An elastic collision is one that conserves both internal kinetic energy and momentum. Internal kinetic energy is the sum of the kinetic energies of the objects in a system. Truly elastic collisions can only be achieved with subatomic particles, such as electrons striking nuclei. Macroscopic collisions can be very nearly, but not quite, elastic, as some kinetic energy is always converted into other forms of energy such as heat transfer due to friction and sound. An example of a nearly...
Elastic Collisions: Case Study01:15

Elastic Collisions: Case Study

Elastic collision of a system demands conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy. To solve problems involving one-dimensional elastic collisions between two objects, the equations for conservation of momentum and conservation of internal kinetic energy can be used. For the two objects, the sum of momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after the collision. An elastic collision conserves internal kinetic energy, and so the sum of kinetic energies before the collision equals...
Types Of Collisions - I01:04

Types Of Collisions - I

When two objects come in direct contact with each other, it is called a collision. During a collision, two or more objects exert forces on each other in a relatively short amount of time. A collision can be categorized as either an elastic or inelastic collision. If two or more objects approach each other, collide and then bounce off, moving away from each other with the same relative speed at which they approached each other, the total kinetic energy of the system is said to be conserved. This...
Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving01:06

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving

In multiple dimensions, the conservation of momentum applies in each direction independently. Hence, to solve collisions in multiple dimensions, we should write down the momentum conservation in each direction separately. To help understand collisions in multiple dimensions, consider an example.
A small car of mass 1,200 kg traveling east at 60 km/h collides at an intersection with a truck of mass 3,000 kg traveling due north at 40 km/h. The two vehicles are locked together. What is the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System
09:44

Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System

Published on: June 5, 2014

Colliding and merging galaxies.

F Schweizer

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |January 17, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Galaxies evolve through interactions and mergers, driven by gravitational forces during cosmic encounters. These events trigger star formation and fuel quasars, revealing ongoing galactic evolution since the Big Bang.

    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • Cosmology

    Background:

    • Galaxies evolve through interactions with their environment and each other.
    • Galactic encounters, driven by gravity, leave long-lasting signatures.
    • These interactions can lead to galaxy mergers, dissipating orbital energy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the mechanisms of galaxy formation and evolution.
    • To understand the role of galactic interactions and mergers in cosmic evolution.
    • To investigate the timing of galaxy formation and ongoing dynamical changes.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing advances in computer technology for simulations.
    • Leveraging observational data from space-based telescopes.
    • Analyzing gravitational forces and tidal signatures in galactic encounters.

    More Related Videos

    Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
    07:46

    Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

    Published on: November 15, 2013

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
    10:35

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO

    Published on: February 12, 2013

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System
    09:44

    Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System

    Published on: June 5, 2014

    Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
    07:46

    Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

    Published on: November 15, 2013

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
    10:35

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO

    Published on: February 12, 2013

    Main Results:

    • Galactic collisions and mergers are significant drivers of galaxy evolution.
    • These events trigger widespread star formation and fuel quasars.
    • Evidence suggests a fraction of galaxies formed later than initially thought and continue to evolve.

    Conclusions:

    • Galaxy evolution is a dynamic process heavily influenced by interactions and mergers.
    • Cosmic encounters play a crucial role in shaping galactic properties and phenomena.
    • Galaxies are not static entities and continue to undergo significant dynamical evolution over cosmic timescales.