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Observational evidence for a possible new diffusion path.

B R Hacker, J M Christie

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |January 4, 1991
    PubMed
    Summary
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    New research reveals submicroscopic intracrystalline tubes as a novel diffusion pathway in deformed amphibolite. These novel pathways, observed via transmission electron microscopy, facilitate faster material transport than previously known geological processes.

    Area of Science:

    • Geology
    • Materials Science
    • Geochemistry

    Background:

    • Submicroscopic intracrystalline tubes have not been previously recognized as diffusion pathways.
    • Linear defects in minerals can exhibit unusual contrast and behavior under electron irradiation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the nature of linear defects in experimentally deformed amphibolite.
    • To determine if these defects represent a new type of diffusion pathway.

    Main Methods:

    • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine experimentally deformed amphibolite.
    • Minerals like plagioclase and amphibole were analyzed for linear defects and their behavior under electron irradiation.

    Main Results:

    • Deformed plagioclase and amphibole crystals showed linear defects resembling unit dislocations with unusual contrast.

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  • Electron irradiation caused these defects to expand into well-defined, glassy tubes approximately 20 nanometers in diameter.
  • These tubes appear to have been filled with silicate-water fluid during experiments.

    • Conclusions:

    • Submicroscopic intracrystalline tubes around linear defects are a previously unrecognized diffusion pathway.
    • Transport through these tubes is potentially orders of magnitude faster than traditional diffusion mechanisms.
    • This finding has significant implications for understanding material transport in geological settings.