Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution00:48

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution

This lesson illustrates the role of deuterium substitution in simplifying the NMR spectrum of compounds comprising labile protons. One method employed is the use of deuterium. Amongst the three isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (2H) has a nucleus composed of one proton and one neutron. When the D2O solvent is added to a pure dry ethanol solution, its labile proton is substituted with deuterium.
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR01:15

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR

The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
Mass Spectrum01:23

Mass Spectrum

A mass spectrum is the graphical representation of the relative abundance of the charged fragments in an analyte plotted against their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The plot's x-axis represents the ratio of the mass of the charged fragment to the number of charges it carries. The y axis of the plot represents the relative abundance of each charged species. The relative abundance is calculated from the signal intensity of each charged species recorded at the detector. The most intense signal (the...
Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Seasonal exposure of carbon dioxide ice on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2016
Same author

Antineoplastic activity of conjugates of lipids and 1-β-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine.

Lipids·2016
Same author

Exposed water ice on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

Nature·2016
Same author

Cometary science. The organic-rich surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as seen by VIRTIS/Rosetta.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2015
Same author

[Concept of an interdisciplinary emergency department at the Schwarzwald-Baar Hospital].

Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin·2014
Same author

The surface composition and temperature of asteroid 21 Lutetia as observed by Rosetta/VIRTIS.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2011

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Methane Hydrate Crystallization on Sessile Water Droplets
08:46

Methane Hydrate Crystallization on Sessile Water Droplets

Published on: May 26, 2021

Deuterated methane observed on saturn.

U Fink, H P Larson

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |July 28, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers detected deuterated methane (CH(3)D) in Saturn's atmosphere, revealing a deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio comparable to Jupiter. This finding offers insights into the early solar system's composition.

    Area of Science:

    • Planetary Science
    • Spectroscopy
    • Atmospheric Chemistry

    Background:

    • Deuterated methane (CH(3)D) is a key tracer for studying planetary atmospheres.
    • Previous studies have established deuterium-to-hydrogen ratios in various solar system bodies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the abundance of CH(3)D in Saturn's atmosphere.
    • To calculate the deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio in Saturn.
    • To compare Saturn's deuterium abundance with other solar system objects.

    Main Methods:

    • Observation of Saturn's 5-micron spectrum using a Fourier transform spectrometer.
    • Analysis of absorption features of the V(2) band of CH(3)D.

    Main Results:

    • CH(3)D abundance was measured at 2.6 +/- 0.8 centimeter-amagat.

    More Related Videos

    Measuring Dissolved Methane in Aquatic Ecosystems Using An Optical Spectroscopy Gas Analyzer
    05:00

    Measuring Dissolved Methane in Aquatic Ecosystems Using An Optical Spectroscopy Gas Analyzer

    Published on: July 26, 2024

    Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials
    09:05

    Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials

    Published on: May 15, 2015

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    Methane Hydrate Crystallization on Sessile Water Droplets
    08:46

    Methane Hydrate Crystallization on Sessile Water Droplets

    Published on: May 26, 2021

    Measuring Dissolved Methane in Aquatic Ecosystems Using An Optical Spectroscopy Gas Analyzer
    05:00

    Measuring Dissolved Methane in Aquatic Ecosystems Using An Optical Spectroscopy Gas Analyzer

    Published on: July 26, 2024

    Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials
    09:05

    Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials

    Published on: May 15, 2015

  • The mean spectroscopic line formation level temperature was determined to be 175 +/- 30 K.
  • The deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio in Saturn's atmosphere was found to be approximately 2 x 10(-5).

    • Conclusions:

    • Saturn's atmospheric temperature at the 5-micron window suggests thermal radiation from deep within the atmosphere.
    • The determined deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio in Saturn is comparable to Jupiter's, but lower than Earth's.
    • This ratio may represent the primordial deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio of the early solar system.