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Related Concept Videos

P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
Electrical Energy01:10

Electrical Energy

Using electric appliances for a longer period of time consumes more electrical energy and results in a higher electric bill. The energy produced by the transfer of electrons from one point to another is known as electrical energy. If power is delivered at a constant rate, the electrical energy can be defined as the product of power used by the device for a period of time. The energy unit on electric bills is the kilowatt-hour, where one kilowatt-hour is equivalent to 3.6 × 106 joules. The...
Power and Energy01:12

Power and Energy

The power and energy delivered to an element are subjects of great significance in the field of electrical engineering. It is a well-known fact that a 100-watt light bulb emits more light than a 60-watt one. Therefore, power and energy calculations play a crucial role in the analysis of electrical circuits.
Power, defined as the time rate of expending or absorbing energy, is quantified in units called watts (W). The relation between power and energy is mathematically given as
Biofuels01:25

Biofuels

The microbial conversion of organic matter into biofuels holds potential as a renewable energy source. Among biofuel sources, microalgae are recognized as a highly efficient and adaptable feedstock for biodiesel production, owing to their rapid biomass accumulation, elevated lipid productivity, and capacity to proliferate in diverse aquatic systems, including freshwater, marine, and wastewater habitats. Unlike terrestrial crops, microalgae do not compete for land and can achieve significantly...
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Potential Energy00:52

Potential Energy

The energy stored by a structure and location of matter in space is called potential energy. For instance, raising a kettlebell changes its spatial location and increases its potential energy. Similarly, a stretched rubber band contains potential energy which, under certain conditions, can be converted into other forms of energy, such as kinetic energy.
Chemical bonds that form attractive forces between atoms also contain potential energy, called chemical energy. When a chemical reaction...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

In Situ Monitoring of the Accelerated Performance Degradation of Solar Cells and Modules: A Case Study for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells
09:19

In Situ Monitoring of the Accelerated Performance Degradation of Solar Cells and Modules: A Case Study for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells

Published on: October 3, 2018

Technology utilization: incentives and solar energy.

A A Ezra

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |February 28, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Federal agencies must actively create and test incentives to ensure technology utilization from federally funded research and development (R&D). This requires a comprehensive approach to activate all components of the technology delivery system (TDS).

    Area of Science:

    • Technology Transfer & Innovation
    • Public Policy & Government R&D

    Background:

    • Federal funding of R&D necessitates effective technology utilization strategies.
    • The Solar Heating and Cooling Act of 1974 highlights growing recognition of this challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine incentives for technology utilization within the Technology Delivery System (TDS) framework.
    • To identify the responsibilities of federal agencies in promoting R&D application.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of the conceptual framework of the Technology Delivery System (TDS).
    • Review of existing incentives used by federal agencies for technology utilization.
    • Identification of data collection and evaluation needs for incentive effectiveness.

    Main Results:

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    Published on: March 6, 2020

    • Incentives must be tailored to each component of the TDS for effective technology utilization.
    • A significant effort is needed to collect, compile, and evaluate existing incentive data.
    • All TDS components must be activated for self-sustaining technology utilization.

    Conclusions:

    • Federal agencies should lead in identifying, devising, and testing TDS incentives.
    • Agencies may need to create new TDS frameworks where they don't exist.
    • Congressional action may be required to expand agency authority for comprehensive technology utilization efforts.