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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Development of a Direct Pulp-capping Model for the Evaluation of Pulpal Wound Healing and Reparative Dentin Formation in Mice
Published on: January 12, 2017
Update on the adaptive immune responses of the dental pulp
Chin-Lo Hahn1, Frederick R Liewehr
1Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 520 North 12th Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0566, USA.
Abstract:
Recent advances in immunology have disclosed the enormous complexity of the immune regulatory system. The dental pulp is equipped to mount adaptive immune responses to caries, which include at least antigen-presenting cells, lymphocytes, mast cells and their cytokines, and chemokines. The purpose of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the roles of these cellular and molecular components in the irreversibly inflamed pulp. The immunopathology of abscess formation and the mechanisms for painless pulpitis are also discussed.
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