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Related Experiment Videos

Precision Geodesy via Radio Interferometry.

H F Hinteregger, I I Shapiro, D S Robertson

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |October 27, 1972
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) precisely measured the baseline between two sites in 1969. This radio astronomy technique accurately determined distances and synchronized atomic clocks, advancing geodetic measurements.

    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • Geophysics and Geodesy
    • Radio Astronomy

    Background:

    • Early radio astronomy experiments utilized extragalactic radio sources for precise measurements.
    • The need for accurate determination of large-scale terrestrial distances was a key driver for geodetic research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the vector separations between two antenna sites using Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI).
    • To assess the accuracy of VLBI in geodetic measurements and compare it with traditional survey methods.
    • To derive precise positions for extragalactic radio sources and synchronize atomic clocks.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations of extragalactic radio sources in 1969.
    • Estimated the 845.130-kilometer baseline vector from two independent experimental runs.

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  • Compared VLBI-derived baseline components and length with a special geodetic survey.

    • Main Results:

    • VLBI experiments yielded consistent baseline estimates within 2 meters across all three components.
    • The determined baseline length agreed with geodetic survey data within 2 meters.
    • Baseline direction discrepancies between VLBI and survey were approximately 5 meters.
    • Precise positions for nine extragalactic radio sources were obtained, accurate to within 1 arc second.
    • Atomic clocks at the two sites were synchronized with an uncertainty of a few nanoseconds.

    Conclusions:

    • VLBI proved to be a highly accurate technique for establishing large-scale terrestrial baselines in 1969.
    • The study demonstrated the capability of VLBI for precise geodetic measurements and source positioning.
    • VLBI facilitated high-precision time synchronization between geographically separated locations.