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Nitrate losses from disturbed ecosystems.

P M Vitousek, J R Gosz, C C Grier

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |May 4, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Nitrogen cycling processes can delay nitrate loss from disturbed forests. However, nitrogen uptake by vegetation is key, as other processes are insufficient on fertile sites, leading to high potential nitrate losses.

    Area of Science:

    • Forest Ecology
    • Biogeochemical Cycles
    • Environmental Science

    Background:

    • Disturbed forest ecosystems experience altered nitrogen cycling.
    • Nitrate (NO3-) loss is a significant environmental concern following forest disturbance.
    • Understanding nitrogen retention mechanisms is crucial for forest management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To systematically examine processes that delay or prevent nitrate loss in disturbed forests.
    • To identify the most important nitrogen cycling processes in mitigating nitrate runoff.
    • To assess the potential for nitrate loss from different forest sites.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted a systematic examination of nitrogen cycling in disturbed forest ecosystems.
    • Performed an experimental and comparative study of nitrate losses.

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  • Utilized trenched plots across 19 forest sites in the United States.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified eight nitrogen cycling processes that can delay nitrate loss.
    • Found that nitrogen uptake by regrowing vegetation, immobilization, nitrification lags, and water availability are key.
    • Determined that these processes, excluding vegetation uptake, are insufficient to prevent losses from fertile sites.

    Conclusions:

    • Nitrogen uptake by regrowing vegetation is critical for preventing nitrate loss.
    • Fertile disturbed forest sites have a high potential for significant nitrate loss.
    • Effective forest management strategies must consider nitrogen retention processes.