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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...

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Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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[Bone mineral density and bone turnover in systemic sclerosis].

Bjarki Thor Alexandersson1, Arni Jon Geirsson, Isleifur Olafsson

  • 1Laeknadeild Háskóla Islands.

Laeknabladid
|September 8, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) patients often have normal bone turnover, but nearly a quarter may experience low bone mineral density (BMD). Low urinary calcium suggests potential absorption issues, warranting individual osteoporosis screening in SSc patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting connective tissues.
  • Bone health is a significant concern in SSc patients, with potential impacts on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover.
  • Understanding these bone parameters is crucial for comprehensive patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers in an unselected cohort of Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) patients.
  • To identify potential factors influencing bone health within this patient group.
  • To provide data for improved clinical recommendations regarding osteoporosis screening in SSc.

Main Methods:

  • A national registry-based study invited all diagnosed SSc patients in Iceland.
  • Participants provided blood and urine samples for bone metabolite analysis (e.g., PTH, osteocalcin, Cross Laps, PINP, IGF-1, Cystatin-C, 25-OH-vitamin-D).
  • Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).

Main Results:

  • Eighty-three percent (24/29) of SSc patients participated; mean age was 60 years, with 17/20 females postmenopausal.
  • While most bone metabolites were within normal ranges, urinary calcium levels were low in several patients.
  • DEXA revealed osteopenia in eight patients, osteoporosis in three, and low BMD (more than one SD below mean) in six patients.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of Systemic Sclerosis patients may have low bone mineral density (BMD), despite normal bone turnover.
  • Low urinary calcium excretion suggests potential gastrointestinal absorption defects related to SSc.
  • Individual osteoporosis evaluation is recommended for SSc patients due to potential low BMD and disease-related factors.