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Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis: a case report
Denise S Lobão1, Luís Candido P Silva, Rodrigo V Soares
1Deparment of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Quintessence International (Berlin, Germany : 1985)
|September 8, 2007
Summary
Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis, a benign oral condition causing gum enlargement, was observed in a newborn female. Surgical treatment and long-term monitoring successfully managed this rare, non-syndromic case without recurrence.
Area of Science:
- Oral Medicine
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Genetics
Background:
- Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF) is a rare, benign oral disorder characterized by progressive, localized or generalized enlargement of the gingival tissues.
- It can be inherited (hereditary gingival fibromatosis) or occur sporadically (idiopathic gingival fibromatosis).
- Gingival overgrowth can impede oral hygiene, leading to secondary complications like inflammation and infection.
Observation:
- A case of a female infant presenting with generalized gingival overgrowth in both arches at birth is described.
- The overgrowth significantly impacted oral hygiene and aesthetics.
- Comprehensive evaluation, including clinical, radiographic, histopathologic, and genetic assessments, was performed.
Findings:
- Histopathologic examination revealed hyperplastic fibrous connective tissue, consistent with gingival fibromatosis.
- Genetic analysis ruled out syndromic forms of gingival overgrowth.
- The diagnosis of non-syndromic idiopathic gingival fibromatosis was established.
Implications:
- Early diagnosis and surgical intervention (gingivectomy) are crucial for managing gingival fibromatosis.
- Multidisciplinary assessment is essential to differentiate IGF from other causes of gingival enlargement and rule out systemic conditions.
- Long-term follow-up is recommended to monitor for recurrence, although this case showed no recurrence over 5 years post-treatment.
