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Related Experiment Videos

Orbiter cloud photopolarimeter investigation.

L D Travis, D L Coffeen, J E Hansen

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |February 23, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    New orbiter data reveals a planet-wide stratospheric aerosol layer above the main clouds. This layer, along with observed atmospheric features like retrograde markings and convective cells, offers insights into planetary atmospheric dynamics.

    Area of Science:

    • Planetary Science
    • Atmospheric Science
    • Remote Sensing

    Background:

    • Previous observations by Mariner 10 in 1974 provided initial data on planetary features.
    • Understanding atmospheric composition and dynamics is crucial for planetary exploration.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the first polarization measurements from the orbiter cloud photopolarimeter.
    • To characterize the newly detected submicrometer aerosol layer in the lower stratosphere.
    • To compare current observations with historical data from Mariner 10.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing data from the orbiter cloud photopolarimeter for polarization measurements.
    • Analyzing early images for atmospheric features and cloud structures.
    • Comparing observed features with those documented by the Mariner 10 mission.

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    Main Results:

    • Detection of a planet-wide submicrometer aerosol layer in the lower stratosphere (optical thickness 0.05-0.1).
    • Observation of retrograde planetary scale markings (approx. 100 m/s) and convective cells.
    • Polar regions covered by bright clouds down to ~50 degrees latitude, brighter than previously observed.
    • Cellular features and clusters identified at mid-latitudes, some interacting with polar clouds.

    Conclusions:

    • The detected aerosol layer significantly influences the planet's atmospheric composition and appearance.
    • Observed features indicate dynamic atmospheric processes, including convection and large-scale circulation.
    • Current polar cloud observations differ from historical data, suggesting atmospheric changes over time.