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Radar glory from buried craters on icy moons.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 31, 1986

Summary

Radar echoes from Jupiter's icy moons are surprisingly strong and polarized. Buried craters, similar to cloud glories, explain these anomalies through total internal reflection and backscattering, significantly amplifying echo intensity.

Area of Science:

Planetary Science
Electromagnetism
Radar Astronomy

Background:

Jupiter's icy moons exhibit unusual radar echo properties compared to rocky bodies.
Anomalous strengths and polarizations of radar echoes have been observed.

Purpose of the Study:

To explain the anomalous radar echo properties of Jupiter's icy moons.
To investigate the role of subsurface structures in radar scattering.

Main Methods:

Analysis of radar echo data from Jupiter's moons.
Modeling electromagnetic scattering phenomena, specifically total internal reflection.
Comparison with optical phenomena like 'the glory'.

Main Results:

Scattering from buried craters can account for the observed echo strengths and polarizations.

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Burial under denser material enhances echo intensity by hundreds of factors.

The dielectric interface at crater walls explains unusual echo polarizations.

Conclusions:

Buried craters are key to understanding the strong and uniquely polarized radar echoes from icy moons.
The phenomenon is analogous to 'the glory' in optics, involving total internal reflection.
This mechanism significantly boosts echo intensity and explains polarization anomalies.