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Life sciences: microorganisms in the space environment.

G Horneck, H Bücker, G Reitz

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |July 13, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Bacillus subtilis spores exposed to space conditions on Spacelab 1 showed a 50% decrease in viability and a tenfold increase in mutation frequency. Further analysis is needed for photobiological and photochemical data interpretation.

    Area of Science:

    • Astrobiology
    • Microbial ecology
    • Space biology

    Background:

    • Understanding microbial survival in space is crucial for astrobiology and planetary protection.
    • Bacillus subtilis spores are a model organism for studying microbial resistance to extreme environments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of free space exposure on Bacillus subtilis spores.
    • To assess changes in spore viability and mutation rates.

    Main Methods:

    • Exposure of Bacillus subtilis spores to the vacuum of space on the Spacelab 1 pallet.
    • Viability counts and mutation frequency analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Space exposure reduced Bacillus subtilis spore viability by approximately 50%.

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  • Mutation frequencies increased by a factor of about 10 following space exposure.

    • Conclusions:

    • Free space conditions significantly impact microbial viability and genetic stability.
    • Further research is required to interpret photobiological and photochemical data from spaceflight experiments.