Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
Effects of Chemicals: Overview01:27

Effects of Chemicals: Overview

Drugs, encompassing various chemical compounds from natural sources, lab synthesis, or genetic engineering, elicit different biological responses in living organisms. Some of these responses are desirable or therapeutic, while others are undesirable. The primary goal of administering a drug is to achieve a therapeutic effect, that is, to address a specific disease or health condition. Any concurrent effects outside of this therapeutic outcome are considered undesirable. These undesirable...
Drug Distribution: Tissue Binding01:21

Drug Distribution: Tissue Binding

Upon entering the systemic circulation, drugs can distribute into the interstitial and intracellular fluid of various tissue cells. This distribution is facilitated by the binding of drugs to different cellular components within tissues, which may lead to drug accumulation in specific areas. Drugs bound to tissue components serve as reservoirs that release free drugs back into the system, prolonging the drug's overall action. However, this accumulation can also result in local toxicity.
For...
Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System01:08

Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System

A signaling cascade is a series of events that facilitates the transmission of information within or between cells, culminating in a targeted response in the recipient cell. As chemical messengers, hormones are pivotal in initiating and modulating these intricate signaling cascades based on their solubility.
Lipid-soluble hormones, such as steroid hormones, demonstrate an intracellular action. These hormones traverse cell membranes due to their lipid nature. Once inside the target cell, they...
Drug Concentrations: Measurements01:23

Drug Concentrations: Measurements

Drug concentration is the quantity of a drug present in a biological sample. Measuring drug amounts in biological samples allows the clinician to understand how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Samples can be obtained through invasive or non-invasive methods. Invasive techniques involve surgical or parenteral interventions to gather blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or tissue biopsy. Conversely, non-invasive approaches provide samples like urine, feces, and saliva.
Plasma —...
Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In situ01:09

Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In situ

In situ experiments, such as the Doluisio method and Single-Pass Perfusion technique, provide critical insights into drug uptake by simulating in vivo conditions for drug absorption.
The Doluisio method involves perfusing a prepared segment of a rat's small intestine with a solution of radiolabeled drug and a non-absorbable marker. This helps to differentiate between absorbed and non-absorbed drug concentrations. The intestinal segment is connected at both ends using tubing and syringes,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ELECTRONIC OPTICS: Organic Lasers Promise New Lease on Light.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2007
Same author

MATERIALS SCIENCE: New Tigers in the Fuel Cell Tank.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2007
Same author

CHEMISTRY NOBEL: Getting a Charge Out of Plastics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2007
Same author

NUCLEAR SCIENCE: DOE Drops Plan to Restart Reactor.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2007
Same author

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY: Element 107 Leaves the Table Unturned.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2007
Same author

CHEMICAL PHYSICS: Magnetic Wires Promise Giant Step for Memory.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2007

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development
14:22

Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development

Published on: April 15, 2013

BODY CHEMISTRY: Forensic Science on a Shoestring.

R F Service

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |September 11, 2007
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Despite significant law enforcement spending, research and development (R&D) for advanced crime-solving technologies faces funding challenges. US national laboratories struggle to establish a strong presence in the forensics research sector.

    More Related Videos

    Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples
    07:46

    Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

    Published on: October 1, 2016

    Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota
    13:35

    Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota

    Published on: May 23, 2025

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

    Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development
    14:22

    Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development

    Published on: April 15, 2013

    Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples
    07:46

    Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

    Published on: October 1, 2016

    Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota
    13:35

    Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota

    Published on: May 23, 2025

    Area of Science:

    • Forensic Science
    • National Laboratory Research
    • Crime Solving Technologies

    Background:

    • The United States invests billions annually in law enforcement.
    • Significant R&D funding might be expected for advanced crime-solving methods.
    • The role and funding of national laboratories in forensics research are often overlooked.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the challenges faced by U.S. national laboratories in establishing a niche in forensics research.
    • To understand the funding landscape for advanced crime-solving R&D.
    • To highlight the gap between law enforcement expenditure and investment in forensic innovation.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of funding allocation for R&D in law enforcement.
    • Case study of U.S. national laboratories' initiatives in forensics.
    • Qualitative assessment of barriers to entry in the forensics research market.

    Main Results:

    • Forensics research and development (R&D) funding is not readily available despite high law enforcement budgets.
    • U.S. national laboratories encounter significant obstacles in developing and contributing to forensics research.
    • There is a discernible gap in dedicated R&D investment for advanced crime-solving techniques.

    Conclusions:

    • Investment in advanced forensics R&D by national laboratories is less prevalent than anticipated.
    • Barriers exist for national laboratories seeking to innovate in the field of forensic science.
    • Increased focus and funding are needed to advance crime-solving technologies through dedicated research.