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Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

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Human subinsular asymmetry studied by diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tracking.

S Rodrigo¹, O Naggara, C Oppenheim

¹Département d'Imagerie Morphologique et Fonctionnelle, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology

|September 12, 2007

Summary

This study reveals leftward white matter asymmetries in the subinsular region of healthy right-handed individuals. These findings suggest a link between white matter structure and language specialization in the brain.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neuroanatomy
White Matter Research

Background:

Brain structure exhibits asymmetries, potentially linked to functional lateralization like handedness and language dominance.
While gray matter asymmetries are known, white matter asymmetries' role in hemispheric specialization, particularly for language, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance understanding of subinsular white matter microstructural asymmetries in healthy, right-handed subjects.
To explore the contribution of white matter asymmetries to hemispheric specialization, especially concerning language functions.

Main Methods:

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at 1.5T was employed to study white matter asymmetries.
Fiber tracking using BrainVISA software segmented key white matter bundles in the subinsular area.
Fractional anisotropy (FA) was quantified along segmented tracts, including the arcuate fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus (UF), and inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus (IOF).

Main Results:

A significant left-greater-than-right fractional anisotropy (FA) asymmetry was observed in the arcuate fasciculus and subinsular white matter.
The subinsular portions of the uncinate fasciculus (UF) and inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus (IOF) were identified as contributors to this FA asymmetry.
These tracts are recognized for their involvement in the brain's language network.

Conclusions:

The observed leftward asymmetry in the arcuate fasciculus, UF, and IOF may be associated with left-hemisphere language dominance in right-handed individuals.
These white matter asymmetries likely play a crucial role in the neural basis of language specialization.